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--BOH: Initially you named this EMD, and then as you worked on these protocols you added another element. Why the R?
--FS: Because at first, coming from a behavioral therapy vantage point, I was thinking in terms of decreasing anxiety. I thought I was doing the equivalent of systematic desensitization while using the brain’s own mechanism for it. It seemed like it might be linked with REM sleep, which is when those kinds of rapid saccadic eye movements would often spontaneously go back to a past event, and there we are in psychodynamic territory. I discovered that it was easier and more efficient if I started with the past. If I cleaned that out, generally the present didn’t bother them any longer.
--FS: Because at first, coming from a behavioral therapy vantage point, I was thinking in terms of decreasing anxiety. I thought I was doing the equivalent of systematic desensitization while using the brain’s own mechanism for it. It seemed like it might be linked with REM sleep, which is when those kinds of rapid saccadic eye movements would often spontaneously go back to a past event, and there we are in psychodynamic territory. I discovered that it was easier and more efficient if I started with the past. If I cleaned that out, generally the present didn’t bother them any longer.
--Bill O’Hanlon: You had a health crisis that led to you becoming a psychologist. Is that right?
--Francine Shapiro: I was about 30 years old. I was finishing up a PhD in English literature and then I got cancer. Norman Cousins’ work was coming out at that time on the effect of stress on the immune system. It made sense. The principles seemed valid but there weren’t techniques widely available to help. I remember thinking: ‘If we’re putting men on the moon, how come we weren’t able to deal with our minds and bodies?’ I had been out to California previously and it seemed cutting-edge approaches were available.
So I left my PhD program and went to California to look for answers. I attended workshops on body work and applied kinesiology, hypnosis, and meditation - a whole slew of things. Then I decided to look at the formal field of psychology and entered a PhD program. I had no intention of becoming a psychologist. I just wanted to see what the principles might be. My goal was to find out what works and get it out to the general public.
One day, I took a walk in the parkand noticed the effect of eye movements on myself. I wasn’t looking at anything, just walking, and I noticed that disturbing thoughts were disappearing. When I brought them back, they didn’t have the same charge. So I started paying close attention because I had been using my own mind and body as a laboratory for the past seven years. I noticed that when a disturbing thought came to mind, my eyes started moving y rapidly in a certain way, and I noticed the thought shifting.
Again, when I brought it back, it didn’t bother me anymore. I wondered if I could do it deliberately. So I brought up something that bothered me, moved my eyes in the same way, and I got the same results.
When I established that I could do it for myself, I wanted to see if it could work with anyone else. I gathered every warm body I could lay my hands on - people at school, folks I knew, and asked, “Do you have anything you want to work on that’s bothering you?” Not surprisingly, everyone did. I showed them how my eyes had moved, asked them to think of the disturbance and move their eyes, but found out most people didn’t have the muscle control to do it.
So I said, “Follow my fingers with your eyes.” I started guiding them, and I found that the eye movements began to take away anxiety, but it would often stop. So I started developing procedures to make the eye movements more effective.
--Francine Shapiro: I was about 30 years old. I was finishing up a PhD in English literature and then I got cancer. Norman Cousins’ work was coming out at that time on the effect of stress on the immune system. It made sense. The principles seemed valid but there weren’t techniques widely available to help. I remember thinking: ‘If we’re putting men on the moon, how come we weren’t able to deal with our minds and bodies?’ I had been out to California previously and it seemed cutting-edge approaches were available.
So I left my PhD program and went to California to look for answers. I attended workshops on body work and applied kinesiology, hypnosis, and meditation - a whole slew of things. Then I decided to look at the formal field of psychology and entered a PhD program. I had no intention of becoming a psychologist. I just wanted to see what the principles might be. My goal was to find out what works and get it out to the general public.
One day, I took a walk in the parkand noticed the effect of eye movements on myself. I wasn’t looking at anything, just walking, and I noticed that disturbing thoughts were disappearing. When I brought them back, they didn’t have the same charge. So I started paying close attention because I had been using my own mind and body as a laboratory for the past seven years. I noticed that when a disturbing thought came to mind, my eyes started moving y rapidly in a certain way, and I noticed the thought shifting.
Again, when I brought it back, it didn’t bother me anymore. I wondered if I could do it deliberately. So I brought up something that bothered me, moved my eyes in the same way, and I got the same results.
When I established that I could do it for myself, I wanted to see if it could work with anyone else. I gathered every warm body I could lay my hands on - people at school, folks I knew, and asked, “Do you have anything you want to work on that’s bothering you?” Not surprisingly, everyone did. I showed them how my eyes had moved, asked them to think of the disturbance and move their eyes, but found out most people didn’t have the muscle control to do it.
So I said, “Follow my fingers with your eyes.” I started guiding them, and I found that the eye movements began to take away anxiety, but it would often stop. So I started developing procedures to make the eye movements more effective.
Francine Shapiro, PhD, is the originator and developer of EMDR, which has been designated as an effective trauma treatment by a wide range of organizations, including the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization. She is a Senior Research Fellow Emeritus at the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto, California, Director of the EMDR Institute, and founder of the non-profit EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP), which provides pro bonotraining and treatment to underserved populations worldwide. HAP is now an international NGO in Special Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and has received an award for Clinical Excellence from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. Dr. Shapiro is a recipient of the International Sigmund Freud Award for Psychotherapy, presented by the City of Vienna in conjunction with the World Council for Psychotherapy and the American Psychological Association Trauma Psychology Division Award for Outstanding Contributions to Practice in Trauma Psychology. Her books include, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Basic Principles, Protocols and Procedures; Handbook of EMDR and Family Therapy Processes; EMDR as an Integrative Psychotherapy Approach; and Getting Past Your Past.
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Моделируем EMDR (17) Francine Shapiro. Interviewed by Bill O’Hanlon
metanymous в Metapractice (оригинал в ЖЖ)
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Потребный навык квантования речи оператором приобретается им в тренировках тебе экспрессии на живых людях, демонстрирующих загадочные сложные формы ментальной активности внешней экспрессии.
Любые тренировки тебе экспрессии работают на этот навык квантования? Можно ли выделить среди них, которые более направлены на это?
-А руками можно набросать для демо-версии много содержательного материала и проверить первичную эффективность.
-- Это можно.
Я сделал/выписал все упражнения из СМ и добавил увеличил содержательные примеры.
--Это уже такое интегрирующие упражнение.
--- И его основа медленный офлайновый диалог.
Для такого диалога на порядок больше выделять тренировочного времени полезно, чем на изучение вопросов к непосредственно самим формам.
Любые тренировки тебе экспрессии работают на этот навык квантования? Можно ли выделить среди них, которые более направлены на это?
-А руками можно набросать для демо-версии много содержательного материала и проверить первичную эффективность.
-- Это можно.
Я сделал/выписал все упражнения из СМ и добавил увеличил содержательные примеры.
--Это уже такое интегрирующие упражнение.
--- И его основа медленный офлайновый диалог.
Для такого диалога на порядок больше выделять тренировочного времени полезно, чем на изучение вопросов к непосредственно самим формам.
воронка пресуппозиций
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