Re: Косвенные ноцебо-внушения ↑
eugzol в посте Metapractice (оригинал в ЖЖ)
1 комментарий
Participants in the NT group did not receive any treatment and were told that they are in the “no treatment group”.
All participants in the three other groups (OPR-, OPR+, and DP)
received an inert white placebo cream. However, the provided rationale in the three groups differed.
In the OPR- group, participants were told: “You are receiving a placebo cream. This means that your cream does not contain any pharmacological ingredient, hence it is an inert substance”. No additional information regarding placebo mechanisms was provided to this group.
In the OPR+ group, participants were informed that they are receiving an inert placebo cream. In accordance with Kaptchuk et al. [32], the investigator explained that (a) the placebo effect is powerful, explaining that “it is well known that placebos are very effective, particularly in the area of pain, Parkinson’s disease, depression, migraine, and asthma” and described findings of placebo analgesia and open-label placebo studies. Further, the investigator mentioned that (b) the “body can automatically respond to placebos like Pavlov’s
dogs who salivated when they heard a bell” after explaining the classical conditioning theory.
In addition, “researchers assume that this culturally anchored ritual activates automatic selfhealing processes, which in turn may lead to an effective analgesia”. Finally, the investigator stated that (c) “an advantage of placebos is that a positive attitude can be helpful but is not necessary”. We did not mention the importance of compliance (i.e., taking the placebo faithfully is critical) as in Kaptchuk et al. [32], since our treatment consisted of a single
application of the placebo cream.
In the DP group, participants were told: “You are receiving a generic analgesic cream, which contains lidocaine, the main ingredient used in Stilex [a local anaesthetic commonly used in Switzerland]. The “Antidolor” cream prevents and treats pain or itching related to dermatological diseases such as small burns (…). The effectiveness of lidocaine was proven in several high quality studies.”– while in fact they received an inert placebo cream.
All participants in the three other groups (OPR-, OPR+, and DP)
received an inert white placebo cream. However, the provided rationale in the three groups differed.
In the OPR- group, participants were told: “You are receiving a placebo cream. This means that your cream does not contain any pharmacological ingredient, hence it is an inert substance”. No additional information regarding placebo mechanisms was provided to this group.
In the OPR+ group, participants were informed that they are receiving an inert placebo cream. In accordance with Kaptchuk et al. [32], the investigator explained that (a) the placebo effect is powerful, explaining that “it is well known that placebos are very effective, particularly in the area of pain, Parkinson’s disease, depression, migraine, and asthma” and described findings of placebo analgesia and open-label placebo studies. Further, the investigator mentioned that (b) the “body can automatically respond to placebos like Pavlov’s
dogs who salivated when they heard a bell” after explaining the classical conditioning theory.
In addition, “researchers assume that this culturally anchored ritual activates automatic selfhealing processes, which in turn may lead to an effective analgesia”. Finally, the investigator stated that (c) “an advantage of placebos is that a positive attitude can be helpful but is not necessary”. We did not mention the importance of compliance (i.e., taking the placebo faithfully is critical) as in Kaptchuk et al. [32], since our treatment consisted of a single
application of the placebo cream.
In the DP group, participants were told: “You are receiving a generic analgesic cream, which contains lidocaine, the main ingredient used in Stilex [a local anaesthetic commonly used in Switzerland]. The “Antidolor” cream prevents and treats pain or itching related to dermatological diseases such as small burns (…). The effectiveness of lidocaine was proven in several high quality studies.”– while in fact they received an inert placebo cream.