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ШАГ 1:
the Program was designed so as to structure a complex anchor that would awaken (or ‘constellate,’ in Jungian terms) a sense of the deep Self consistent with the ideas of personal growth set forth by C. G. Jung and Abraham Maslow. This resource would serve to provide a state that would not only serve to outframe the addictive process but would also center the individual in a life that he or she would find meaningful in a continuing manner over time (Gray, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005; Hillman, 1996; Jung, 1979, 1984; Maslow, 1970). Such a state could be created by bringing together a series of positive life experiences. By anchoring the felt sense of those experiences, and stacking those anchors together into a single (anchored) resource, there would emerge a single, positive affect representing the deepest and most positive aspects of the individual. If the exemplars for the anchors were correctly chosen, they would provide a sense of growth into the center of personal potential that would serve to awaken a meaningful life direction
The early emphasis of the program turned from the central archetypal theme of awakening the deep Self, to teaching the participants how to create a series of powerful ecstatic states over which they exercised total control. A continuing part of the emphasis called for those states to be anchored in an easy and repeatable way so that each of them could be elicited at will, and its intensity manipulated. The outcome of increased flexibility was realized by suggesting that participants experiment with the anchors in multiple contexts. In this way they could experience for themselves the utility of the anchors and their independence from the facilitator and the treatment context
A crucial technical refinement in the program regards the process of anchoring. In order to create states that are useful across contexts, participants are taught to anchor states that are, as far as possible, devoid of content. Anchors that retain contextual information have limited utility. If, however, in the process of creating and anchoring the state, contextual information is reduced so that all of the attention is placed on a disconnected, ecstatic, floating trance, carrying at most the felt tone of the original experience, the anchor can be used anywhere and that same anchor can be used to create fully integrated complex states rather than crude aggregates of unrelated experiences
In order for an anchor or other positive affect to have maximum utility, it must be developed and used as a positive good in itself, not as a tool for dealing with a problem. When we use it as a tool, create it as a tool, or otherwise associate it with a negative outcome, we lose some of its utility. For this reason, we emphasize that all of the exercises in the Brooklyn Program must first be pursued for their own sake and, insofar as possible, with no reference to stopping or controlling anything
ШАГ 2:
Once a root set of anchors were taught (The list was borrowed from Carmine Baffa’s (1997) web site), participants were encouraged to use them in their everyday lives to relax, feel better, and to gain control. Participants found that while using the anchors, negative behaviors like road rage and impatience tended to disappear. They often never consciously realized that their drug and alcohol-related urges had disappeared until well into the program. It was often not until the last sessions that participants realized not only that we had not discussed drugs, but that they had experienced few if any cravings.
In the context of creating states designed to establish, or re-establish a values hierarchy in order to ‘outframe’ addictive behaviors, there are two technical insights that proceed directly from experience in the Brooklyn Program and accord well with cognitive neuroscience. The first is this: If we structure a positive experience or experiences, so that it will compete successfully against a problem state, the competing experiences must be valued for their own sake, not in their instrumental relationship to the problem behaviors. The second is: The competing behavior must point to or promise a positively motivating future.